Direction (Qs.1 to 10): Read the following passage and answer the questions following it. Several alphabets are given to help you assist in answering those questions.
Plastics are now widely present in the environment, as visible (A) along coastlines, in lakes and rivers, and even in the soil. (B) The recent finding that microplastic particles are found even in ‘safe’ bottled water indicates the magnitude of the crisis. (C) There is (I) overwhelmed doubt that the global (II) production of plastics, at over 300 million tonnes a year according to the UN Environment Programme, has (III) little the capacity of governments to handle what is (IV) thrown away as waste. (D) Microplastics are particles of less than 5 mm that enter the environment either as primary industrial products, ________, or via urban waste water and broken-down elements of articles discarded by consumers. Washing of clothes releases (E) microfibres into water bodies and the sea. The health impact of the presence of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and other chemicals in drinking water, food and even inhaled air may not yet be clear, but (F) inadvertently these are contaminants. Research evidence from complementary fields indicates that accumulation of these chemicals can induce or aggravate immune responses in the body. ________ (G) ________. It is heartening that the WHO has come forward to commission a review of the health impact of plastics in water. Last December in Nairobi, UN member-countries resolved to produce a binding agreement in 18 months to deal with the release of plastics into the marine environment. The problem is staggering: eight million tonnes of waste, including bottles and packaging, make their way into the sea each year. There is now even the Great Pacific Garbage Patch of plastic debris. (H) India has a major (I) wetlands dealing with plastics, (II) particularly single-use shopping bags that reach (III) dumping sites, rivers and (IV) problem along with other waste. The most efficient way to deal with the pollution is to control the production and distribution of plastics. Banning single-use bags and making consumers pay a significant amount for the more durable ones is a feasible solution. (I) Enforcing the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, which require segregation of waste from April 8 this year, will retrieve materials and greatly reduce the burden on the environment. Waste separation can be achieved in partnership with the community, and presents a major employment opportunity. The goal, however, has to be long term. As the European Union’s vision 2030 document on creating a circular plastic economy explains, the answer lies in changing the very nature of plastics, from cheap and disposable to durable, reusable and fully recyclable. There is (J) that this is the way forward. Now that the presence of plastics in drinking water, including the bottled variety, has been documented, governments should realise it cannot be business as usual.
Question No : 1
Which of the following words given in the options should come at the place marked as (A) in the above passage to make it grammatically correct and contextually meaningful. Also, the word should fill in the two sentences given below to make them contextually correct and meaningful.
(I) Workmen were clearing the roads of the ________from shattered buildings
(II) A stable arrangement of planets, comets, and ________orbiting the sun
(1) Dexter
(2) Denture
(3) Debris
(4) Daunted
(5) Deluge
Question No : 2
In the above passage, a sentence B is given in Italics. There may or may not be an error in one part of the sentence. Choose the part which has an error in it as your answer. If there is no error, then choose option (3) as your answer
(1) The recent finding that
(2) Microplastic particles are found
(3) No error
(4) Indicates the magnitude of the crisis
(5) Even in ‘safe’ bottle waterQuestion No : 3
The sentence given in (C) has four words in bold. Amongst the given bold words which of the followings must interchange to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct and meaningful?
(1) I-III
(2) II-IV
(3) I-IV
(4) II-III
(5) III-IV
Question No : 4
Which of the following phrases should fill the blank (D) to make it contextually and grammatically meaningful and correct respectively?
(1) The collection drive will be awarded certificates and trophies
(2) Bisleri’s waste pickers and NGO partners and converted to recycled polyester
(3) Such as those used in scrubbers and cosmetics
(4) That plastic bag manufacturing activity is illegally being carried out at
(5) None of theseQuestion No : 5
Which of the following words given in the options should come at the place marked as ‘E’ in the above paragraph to make it grammatically and contextually meaningful and correct. Also, the word should fill the two sentences given below to make them contextually correct and meaningful?
(I) Lotze's logic then, is formal in a sense in which a logic which does not find the conception of ________ truth embarrassing is not so.
(II) The vegetable product - which is extremely expensive - must be prescribed or the ________ product guaranteed “physiologically pure,” i.e.
(1) Synthetic
(2) Relegated
(3) Semantic
(4) Published
(5) Vanished
Question No : 6
A word is given in bold in F. Choose the word which should replace the word given in bold to make the sentence correct and meaningful. If no change is required, choose option (5) as your answer.
(1) Doubtful
(2) Dubious
(3) Indisputably
(4) Questionable
(5) None correction required
Question No : 7
Two sentences are given in italics on both sides of G. Which of the following statements can come in between the two sentences in place of G so as to maintain the continuity of the paragraph?
(1) The pledge also states that plastic is harmful to the environment, and urges students to carry cloth bags and never burn plastic
(2) The flow of plastic is a threat to over 700 species which includes marine species, sea birds and human
(3) The cause of death was not known, but park officials found plastic bottles, bags, sandals, and a sack with more than 1,000 pieces of string in the whale's stomach
(4) To curb the use of plastic, we have intensified crackdown on shops that use plastic bags below 50 microns
(5) More studies, as a globally coordinated effort, are necessary to assess the impact on healthQuestion No : 8
The sentence given in H has four words in bold. Amongst given bold words, which of the followings must replace each other to make the sentence contextually correct and meaningful.
(1) II-IV
(2) II-III
(3) I-IV
(4) III-IV
(5) I-III
Question No : 9
In the passage given, a sentence I is given in Italics. There may or may not be an error in one part of the sentence. Choose the part which has an error in it as your answer.
(1) Enforcing the Solid Waste Management Rules
(2) 2016, which require segregation of
(3) Waste from April 8 this year, will retrieve materials and
(4) Greatly reduce the burden on the environment
(5) No errorQuestion No : 10
Which of the following words should fill the blank given in J to make it contextually correct and meaningful?
(1) Change
(2) Conduct
(3) Benevolence
(4) Consensus
(5) Control